Constructing Invariant Fairness Measures for Surfaces

The paper proposes a rational method to derive fairness measures for surfaces. It works in cases where isophotes, reflection lines, planar intersection curves, or other curves are used to judge the fairness of the surface. The surface fairness measure is derived by demanding that all the given curves should be fair with respect to an appropriate curve fairness measure. The method is applied to the field of ship hull design where the curves are plane intersections. The method is extended to the case where one considers, not the fairness of one curve, but the fairness of a one parameter family of curves. Six basic third order invariants by which the fairing measures can be expressed are defined. Furthermore, the geometry of a plane intersection curve is studied, and the variation of the total, the normal, and the geodesic curvature and the geodesic torsion is determined.     

一般球对称带电蒸发黑洞的熵

从一般球对称带电蒸发黑洞的时空线元和零曲面方程出发,得到了该黑洞的视界;利用KleinGordon方程求得波数,进而采用WenzelKramersBrillouin近似方法和薄膜brickwall模型,求出了一般球对称带电蒸发黑洞的熵,所得的熵正好与该黑洞的视界面积成正比 关键词： 黑洞 KleinGordon方程 熵 薄膜brickwall模型 视界     

Equivariant mappings: a new approach in stochastic simulations

Stochastic simulations on manifolds usually are traced back to ⁿ via charts. If a group G is acting on a manifold M and if the respective distribution v is invariant under this group action then in many cases of practical interest there exists a more convenient approach which uses equivariant mappings. The concept of equivariant mappings will be discussed intensively at the instance of the Grassman manifold in which case G equals the orthogonal group. Further advantages of this concept will be demonstrated by applying it to a probabilistic problem from the field of combinatorial geometry.     

There exist no 2-type surfaces in E 3 which are images under stereographic projection of minimal surfaces in S 3

In this paper we deal with the following particular case of a weaker conjecture by B. Y. Chen: Are there 2-type Willmore surfaces in E ³? In particular we prove that the above question has a negative answer when the surface is the image under stereographic projection of a minimal surface in S ³.     

More results on the Ashkin-Teller model

We analyze the low-temperature phase diagram of the Ashkin-Teller model for real values of the quadratic and quartic coupling constants.     

The equivalence of ensembles for lattice systems: Some examples and a counterexample

We describe the problem of the equivalence of ensembles at the level of states for classical lattice systems. We discuss circumstances where the vanishing of the specific information gain of a sequence of microcanonical measures with respect to a sequence of grand canonical measures implies the equivalence of ensembles. We give a simple derivation of a criterion for the vanishing of the specific information gain in terms of thermodynamic functions. The proof uses ideas from the theory of large deviations but is self-contained. We show how the criterion works in a simple model of a paramagnet and in the Ising model of a ferromagnet in any dimension but fails in the case of the Curie-Weiss mean-field model.     

气体自由膨胀的演示、模拟和熵增加原理

本文通过气体自由膨胀的演示、模拟，推知一切自然过程总是沿着无序性增大，即熵增大的方向进行，解释了热力学第二定律的微观意义。     

复射影空间和四元数射影空间中广义赤道的一个新特征

本文研究复射影空间ＣＰ＾ｎ和四元数射影空间ＱＰ＾ｎ中的紧致极小超曲面，对其上Ｊａｃｏｂｉ算子的最小特征值给出了一个最佳上界估计，由此给出了ＣＰ＾ｎ和ＱＰ＾ｎ中广义赤道的一个新的特征。     

Banach空间值鞅不等式与弱大数定律

本文证明了Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间值鞅的一些不等式，讨论了Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间的凸性及光滑性与某些鞅不等的式的联系，给出了Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ空间的一个鞅不等式刻划，同时还讨论了一致Ｐ光滑空间中鞅的弱大数定律，本文的结论推广与改进了很多熟知的定理。     

Stochastic differential games: Occupation measure based approach

A new approach based on occupation measures is introduced for studying stochastic differential games. For two-person zero-sum games, the existence of values and optimal strategies for both players is established for various payoff criteria. ForN-person games, the existence of equilibria in Markov strategies is established for various cases.